SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Abbott, Philip C..

Cattle Trade and the Risk of Importing Animal Diseases into the Netherlands

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48522

Achterbosch, Thom J.; Dopfer, Dorte D.V.; Tabeau, Andrzej A..

Projections of live cattle trade in the EU-25 assist to reduce the uncertainty on the risk of importing animal diseases in the Netherlands. The accession of 10 member states to the European Union has a potentially large impact on livestock trade in the EU as it liberalized in one stroke a trade that was administered by the Management Committee for Beef until May 1, 2004. The approach combines AG-Memod partial equilibrium with GTAP general equilibrium modelling in order to estimate the impact of quota liberalization. Quota removal will substantially alter the regional structure of livestock imports, as the share of new EU member states in the east triples to 25%. The risk outlook indicates a need for enhanced animal health services in the new member states.

Measure the measure: the impact of differences in pesticide MRLs on Chilean fruit exports to the EU

Palavras-chave: Livestock; Animal disease; Trade; Projections; Quota; EU-enlargement; Risk and Uncertainty; F17; I18; Q17.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24558

Achterbosch, Thom J.; Engler, Alejandra; Rau, Marie-Luise; Toledo, Roger.

This paper advances the measurement of nontariff measures (NTMs) by discussing a framework for how to compare regulations. We argue that relative differences in SPS regulations trigger the impact on trade flows between trading partner countries and specifically look at maximum residue levels (MRLs) for pesticides in a case study on Chilean fruit exports to the EU. In order to capture the relative differences and stringency in tolerance levels of trading partners, a simple indicator is constructed and applied in an econometric analysis. In comparison to existing indices of regulatory heterogeneity, the depth of information generated by our indicator severely compromises its coverage. Further development of our heterogeneity index will need to aim at...

The Global Competitiveness of the North American Livestock Industry

Palavras-chave: Regulatory differences; Index for pesticide MRLs; Agri-food trade; Econometric analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q17; F19; C23.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51765

Adcock, Flynn J.; Hudson, Darren; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Harris, Harold M., Jr.; Herndon, Cary W., Jr..

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; F14; Q17.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94385

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Bangladesh

Ahmed, Nazneen; Bakht, Zaid; Dorosh, Paul A.; Shahabuddin, Quazi.

Economic Impact and Trade Implications of the Introduction of Black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella figiensis) into Puerto Rico

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48481

Alamo, Carmen I.; Evans, Edward A.; Brugueras, Alba; Nalampang, Sikavas.

This article addresses the issues of the potential impacts of the introduction of black sigatoka into Puerto Rico under situations in which the government assists growers in managing the spread of the disease, with and without prohibitions on imports of plantains and bananas. An equilibrium displacement model is used to quantify the impact of black sigatoka. The results indicate that under both scenarios the net economic benefits to society were negative. Over the long term, the government would be well-advised to invest in research to develop plantain and banana varieties that are resistant to black sigatoka.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Banana; Black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis); Economic impact analysis; Equilibrium displacement model; Invasive species; Plantain; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43218

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Mozambique

Alfieri, Andrea; Arndt, Channing; Cirera, Xavier.

Entrepreneurial Supply Chains and Strategic Collaboration: The Case of Bagòss Cheese in Bagolino, Italy

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48552

Amanor-Boadu, Vincent; Marletta, Piercarlo; Biere, Arlo W..

Many small towns and communities are struggling to sustain their competitiveness in the face of increasing globalization. Yet, through entrepreneurial supply chains, some communities are organizing themselves to forge local solutions to their global challenges. The essence of entrepreneurial supply chains is its ability to facilitate alignment of all participants in the chain, eliminating moral hazard and opportunism risks. It is argued that this governance system and an ability to protect the common assets from infringement by outsiders are necessary for the success of these solutions. The research uses Bagòss cheese, produced in the small Italian village of Bagolino, to illustrate the characteristics of entrepreneurial supply chains and test the effect...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Entrepreneurial supply chain; Bagòss cheese; Globalization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q10; Q17.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53796

Border Enforcement and Firm Response in the Management of Invasive Species

Ameden, Holly A.; Cash, Sean B.; Zilberman, David.

This analysis presents a theoretical model of firm response to border enforcement and evaluates both the intended and unintended effects under two enforcement regimes: destruction versus treatment of contaminated shipments. The results indicate that importers may respond to increased inspection by reducing shipments and decreasing due care. In response to increased pest populations, firms may reduce shipments and increase due care, indicating that an enforcement response may not be necessary. The analysis reveals the importance of the nature of the due-care technology, as well as the relationships underlying the probability of detection, in determining the effects of enforcement.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Border enforcement; Environmental regulation; Invasive species; Trade and environment; F18; L51; Q17; Q56; Q58.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37112

Border Effects on Spatial Price Transmission between Fresh Tomato Markets in Ghana and Burkina-Faso: Any Case for Promoting Trans-Border Trade in West Africa?

Amikuzuno, Joseph.

Cross-border trade in food commodities within sub-regional economic blocks in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is believed to be faster, cheaper, more convenient and welfare-enhancing than overseas trade between SSA countries and the USA, EU and the BRIC countries. The difficulty of commodity arbitrage across international borders SSA is however a fundamental constraint to price transmission, market integration and the realisation of the welfare-enhancing role of cross-border trade in Africa. This study examines the impact of border and distance on price transmission between tomato markets in Ghana and Burkina-Faso. The analysis applies a regime-switching vector error correction model to estimate semi-weekly, wholesale prices of tomato in four tomato markets in...

Border Effects on Spatial Price Transmission between Fresh Tomato Markets in Ghana and Burkina-Faso: Any Case for Promoting Trans-border Trade in West Africa?

Palavras-chave: Price Transmission; Border; Tomato; Ghana; Burkina-Faso; Agribusiness; C32; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115519

Amikuzuno, Joseph.

Cross-border trade in food commodities within sub-regional economic blocks in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is believed to be faster, cheaper, more convenient and welfare-enhancing than trade between SSA countries and the USA or EU. The difficulty of commodity arbitrage across borders in SSA is however a fundamental impediment to price transmission, market integration and the realisation of the welfare-enhancing role of cross-border trade. This study examines the impact of border and distance on price transmission between tomato in Ghana and Burkina-Faso. The analysis applies a linear and a regime-switching vector error correction model to estimate wholesale prices of tomato in four tomato markets in Ghana and a producer market in Burkina-Faso. The estimated...

The 2005 episodes of the "banana war" serial. An empirical assessment of the introduction by the European Union of a tariff-only import regime for bananas.

Palavras-chave: Price Transmission; Border; Tomato; Ghana; Burkina-Faso; International Relations/Trade; C32; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108943

Anania, Giovanni.

The EU Common Market Organization for bananas has been generating international controversies since its introduction in 1992. Many thought the 'banana war' had come to an end when, at the 2001 WTO Ministerial Conference in Doha, a Decision was taken for the EU to introduce, no later than 1 January 2006, a 'tariff-only regime' which ' would result in at least maintaining total market access for MFN banana suppliers'. However, proposals by the EU for a tariff-only regime have been rejected in a two-step WTO arbitration in 2005 because they were found not to satisfy this requirement. On 1 January 2006 the EU unilaterally introduced a tariff-only regime. The paper presents the main results of a modelling effort aimed at analyzing this policy issue. The...

Gains from trade liberalization with imperfectly competitive world markets. A note.

Palavras-chave: Q17; Q18; F13; C21; C6; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18854

Assessing the Impact of Recent Trade Policy Changes in the Banana Market under Alternative Market Structures

Anania, Giovanni.

The paper shows how analyses assuming perfect competition can yield a distorted estimation of the expected effects of a trade liberalization when market imperfections exist. The analytical framework adopted is very simple and three extreme imperfect market structures are considered. In the first case, the exporting country maximizes its producer and consumer surplus by intervening in the world market. The second market imperfection considered is the existence of a private firm playing the role of "pure middleman" in the world market. Then the case of a producer-owned marketing board which is granted exclusive export authority is addressed. It is shown that estimates of the impact of a tariff reduction in terms of prices and volume traded obtained assuming...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization; Imperfect markets; Monopoly; Monopsony; Marketing board; International Relations/Trade; F12; F13; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28798

Anania, Giovanni; Scoppola, Margherita.

The paper focuses on the importance of the assumptions made about market structure and firm behaviors in empirical trade policy analysis. It addresses this issue with reference to recent changes in the EU import regime for bananas, namely the Economic Partnership Agreements and the December 2009 WTO agreement on bananas. The paper’s contribution to the literature on the issues addressed is threefold: first it develops two original models which incorporate imperfectly competitive market structures in a spatial modeling framework; then it proposes a methodology to assess the degree of market power in international trading which is applied to the banana market and, finally, it assesses how analysis of the implications of the most recent changes in the EU...

Assessing the Impact of Recent Trade Policy Changes in the Banana Market under Alternative Market Structures

Palavras-chave: Bananas; Economic Partnership Agreements; WTO; Imperfect Competition; Spatial models; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q17; Q18; F13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115436

Anania, Giovanni; Scoppola, Margherita.

The paper focuses on the importance of the assumptions made about market structure and firm behaviors in empirical trade policy analysis. It does it with reference to the most recent changes in the EU import regime for bananas, namely the Economic Partnership Agreements and the December 2009 WTO agreement on bananas. The paper’s contribution to the literature on the issues addressed is threefold: it develops two original models which incorporate imperfectly competitive market structures in a spatial modeling framework; it provides an assessment of the degree of market power in international banana trade and, finally, it assesses how the analysis of the implications of the most recent changes in the EU import regimes for bananas is affected by the...

Distortions to Global Agricultural Markets: What Next?

Palavras-chave: Bananas; Economic Partnership Agreements; WTO; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q17; Q18; F13.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98985

Anderson, Kym.

A decline in governmental distortions to agricultural and other trade since the 1980s has contributed to economic growth and poverty alleviation globally. But new modeling results suggest that has taken the world only three-fifths of the way towards freeing merchandise trade, and that farm policies are responsible for 70 percent of the global welfare cost of remaining distortions to goods markets as of 2004. Meanwhile, new drivers are affecting the mean and variance of world prices of farm products, including biofuel mandates and subsidies, climate change mitigation policies and adaptation, water institution and policy developments, difficulties in concluding a multilateral Doha Round agricultural agreement at the WTO, and policies relating to transgenic...

Political Economy of Distortions to Agricultural Incentives: Introduction and Summary

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; Asia-Pacific region; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59849

Anderson, Kym.

During the 1960s and 1970s most developing countries imposed anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries, while doing little to assist small farmers in high-income countries. Since the 1980s, however, many developing countries began to reduce the anti-agricultural bias of sectoral policies, and from the early 1990s the European Union began to move away from price supports to more-direct forms of farm income payments. This paper summarizes a forthcoming book that seeks to explain this evolving pattern of distortions to incentives conceptually and econometrically by making use of new...

Five Decades of Distortions to Agricultural Incentives

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Political economy; Agricultural price and trade policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18; F59; H20; N50; O13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50306

Anderson, Kym.

Distribution of Agricultural NRAs across Countries and Products, 1955-84 and 1985-2007

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48742

Anderson, Kym; Croser, Johanna L..

The global database developed as an integral part of the World Bank's research project on Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, which is publicly available at www.worldbank.org/agdistortions, provides around 30,000 estimates of nominal rates of assistance to agricultural industries (NRAs) and associated consumer tax equivalents for 75 countries that together account for between 90 and 95 percent of the world’s population, farmers, agricultural output and total GDP. They also account for more than 85 percent of farm production and employment in each of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the transition economies of Europe and Central Asia as well as all OECD countries. More than 70 products are included (an average of 11 per country), which represents around...

Global Distortions to Key Agricultural Commodity Markets

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural price and trade policies; Nominal rates of assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18; F59; H20; N50; O13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50307

Anderson, Kym; Croser, Johanna L.; Nelgen, Signe; Valenzuela, Ernesto.